Green Exterior Self-Starting Star Flat-Head Wood Deck Screws #9 (5 lbs. 105" thick. Choose from our selection of hex head screws, including over 35,100 products in a wide range of styles and sizes. Both can be read about on this timeline. The screws on the right in the image are round head slot-drive screws. One of the first applications of the screw principle was in presses for the extraction. Thompson, who wasn’t able to muster up any commercial interest for his screwhead. The name cheese. Mechanical engineers in Japan took notice of Phillips’ invention, to which they responded by developing a similar — though slightly. Henry F. The Robertson screw and screwdriver, the best kept secret outside of Canada, were born. In their. The official generic name, standardized by the. needed to crank out jeeps and tanks for World War II, Phillips screws were an essential component in the war effort. Yellow drivers (#0) work with screw types 3 and 4 and feature a recess size range of 2. These scooter-boxes were seen as far back as the late 1800s, but it wasn’t until the 1950s when wooden pallets with clay wheels were popularized on the downhill slopes of Southern California. Roman fresco of a woman fixing her hair using a mirror, from Stabiae, Italy, 1st century AD Detail of the convex mirror from the Arnolfini portrait, Bruges, 1434 AD 'Adorning Oneself', detail from 'Admonitions of the Instructress to the Palace Ladies', Tang dynasty copy of an original by Chinese painter Gu Kaizhi, c. A Sunday Oregonian article from 1939 stated that Thompson, who died in Portland on September 4, 1940, had been an auto mechanic when he invented the screw. You might mean to compare Phillips head with for example slotted head or Torx. You also don’t see the screw head when using a screw cover. 60 per car less than bodies assembled with slotted screws. These vessels were long and narrow, and their simple rigging was difficult to control. Hand tool - Drilling, Boring, Chiseling: A varied terminology is related to making holes with revolving tools. They have domed head. S. Use 1-5/8-in. As the name suggest it has a flat shape shaft tip with a single slot which engages with the slotted screw head only. The 1700’s boasts a few possibilities for an origin. For the first 10 years of production, machine-made screws were made with no slot in the head. When was the slot screw invented? The first documentation of the tool is in the medieval Housebook of Wolfegg Castle, a manuscript written sometime between 1475 and 1490. Photo credit: Richard Warren Lipack / Wikimedia Commons. It is designed to go into a countersunk hole, so it sits flush with the top surface. Metric Phillips Thread-Locking Flat Head Screws. Pozi Head Screws. #9 x 1-1/2-in Mechanically Galvanized Strong-Drive SD Exterior Wood Screws (100-Per Box) Model # SD9112R100. Ramsden inspired other inventors. S. 3. 16. Robertson to license out his screw design. You can get round head or pan head or bugle head with either drive as well. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. R. It first. But that has changed quite a lot over time. The handled screwdriver is shown on the woodworker’s bench after 1800 and appears in inventories of tool kits from that date. As for the modern-day fasteners, they were only invented in the 18th century, with mass production starting in 1760. As author Witold Rybczynski points out in his engaging One Good Turn: A Natural History of the Screwdriver and the Screw (Touchstone Books, 2000), squares,. 25 for an apprentice. Phillips was invented to solve this problem. Self-Aligning Center-LocatingPunches for Threaded Holes. His major challenge was to form the bows; first, he made them solid, then drilled a hole, and then filed away metal to make this large enough to admit. The history of the hinge stretches so far back into antiquity that archaeologists aren’t sure of its exact origin. By 1940, 85% of the screw manufacturing companies had secured a license from Phillips to produce his design. One died a month before the permit was filed, and one was born the month after that. IS 1365 (2005) is a standard for slotted countersunk head screws, which are widely used in metal chairs, aluminium extrusions, rock mass classification and multi-tooth lock washers. But what is a Phillips head screwdriver? These tools are designed to fit screws with Phillips heads, which have a cross-shaped recess - hence the alternative name of cross screwdriver. Robertson developed the socket head screw which revolutionized an industry. Who invented Phillips head screws? John P. Nuts are almost always used in conjunction with a mating bolt to fasten multiple parts together. Phillips. Precision crafted in solid brass, these premium screws feature deep slots, crisp threads and sharply pointed tips. S. 1930s. They cut threads. 316 Stainless Steel Flanged Button Head Screws. Make a 9/64 in. S. In the images below there are two connections. But what is a Phillips head screwdriver? These tools are designed to fit screws with Phillips heads, which have a cross-shaped recess - hence the alternative name of cross screwdriver. Common and cheap, these basic fasteners are not really the best to use in most situations. In 1770, English instrument maker, Jesse Ramsden (1735-1800) invented the first. 31 mm. Since the terms "bolt" and "screw" were in use before the advent of easily-produced helix fasteners, they are often synonymous. The company began with an automatic screw machine invented by Frank Sr. Torx screws were invented in 1967, by Camcar Textron, as an improvement on contemporary drive types. It was invented in the 15th century in Europe and one of the most common types of screwdrivers. 1. Roundhead screws tend to be used less frequently that Flathead screws. Use these fingers as a guide to hold the tip directly in line with the screw. This screw is commonly used for woodwork and decorative accessories. While many metal hinges remain from periods dating back 5500 years, there is also evidence from later cultures that wood and stone were used to produce them, it follows that some of these ancient Mesopotamian cultures may. 6. Torx screwdriver. Package Quantity: 50. Flat head refers to the screw head profile, not the type of slot. When did flat head screws come out? In 1744, the flat-bladed bit for the carpenter’s brace was invented, the precursor to the first simple screwdriver. More narrowly, self-tapping is used only to describe a specific type of thread-cutting screw intended to produce a thread in relatively soft material or sheet. Early 19th century - Until about 1846, screws were made. Flat Head Screws. Use a slotted screwdriver (flat blade) for slotted, combination and one way. SLOT MART · #14 · Jul 23, 2022. It is used to allow a screw or bolt to be inserted into it. e. Plastic Removable Screw-DriveAnchors for Block and Brick. Pozi head screws were first introduced in the 1960s and are commonly used in the United Kingdom and Europe. When were flat head screws invented? Whether you work in construction or you’re simply a fan of trivia, we’re here to sate your. Deck Screws. It aimed to replace Phillips, which was prone to cam-out, and. The first skateboards were made from roller skates attached to a board. The driver will cam out before that happens. One Ada Harris was. Suppose the thimble were screwed out so that graduation 2, and three additional sub-divisions, were visible on the sleeve (as shown in the image), and that graduation 1 on the thimble coincided. 18th century and earlier - Prior to the early 19th century, most screws were made by hand. Also known as transfer screws, these punches have a uniform shoulder height so you can quickly transfer multiple hole locations at once. And in the early 20th century, the Phillips head screws were made. How old is furniture with flat head screws? Country furniture made with these screws can easily be dated to the 10-year period 1846 to 1856. Flatheads were useful when tools were expensive relative to the cost of labor. Screws are inserted via torque applied--in a clockwise manner--to the head with a screw drive. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. But on a factory floor, Phillips or torx can get irreversibly fouled. Augustine Sackett filed a U. Made of 18-8 stainless steel, they have good chemical resistance and may be mildly magnetic. Medieval presses used a handle to turn a wooden screw that moved the platen on which the. You have to countersink these types of screws. Turning the screw was accomplished with a drive rod handle positioned through the perpendicular hole. In 1797, Englishmen, Henry Maudslay (1771-1831) invented a large screw-cutting lathe that made it possible to mass-produce accurately sized screws. Turns out the world is chock full o’ fantastic bits—if you know where to find them. Tune-o-matic (also abbreviated to TOM) is the name of a fixed or floating bridge design for electric guitars. 4000 BC – 3500. Smaller scale innovations continued to be made to improve efficiency. [a] A popular generic name for the drive is star, as in star screwdriver or star bits. 8,898 products. [1] There are many methods of generating threads, including subtractive methods (many kinds of thread cutting and grinding, as detailed below); deformative or transformative. Phillips, who developed and patented his Phillips-head screwdriver in 1933. The modern screwdriver, as we now know it, was invented by Industrialist Henry F. It is a type of gate latch that consists of a long metal rod with a curved handle and attaches to a gate by one or more fasteners. Gauge= (Head diameter in sixteenths of an inch X 2 ) – 2. Choose from our selection of 10-24 screws, including over 2,600 products in a wide range of styles and sizes. According to the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, toolmaker Joseph Whitworth devised Britain’s first standardized screw in 1841. The thread varies is depth and pitch all over the shaft and the shaft has no point. Torx screwdrivers were developed by the company Camcar Textron, which was founded in the 1940s. When the U. Like those made earlier, the heads were still finished with hacksaws to add the groove to fit a screwdriver, so no two are exactly alike. 3 in. They were. In 1797, Englishmen, Henry Maudslay (1771-1831) invented a large screw-cutting lathe that made it possible to mass-produce accurately sized screws. In 1744, the flat-bladed bit for the carpenter’s brace was invented, the precursor to the first simple screwdriver. Slotted screws, along with Philips are among the most commonly used screws. Made of all bronze, they featured the same characteristic shape. Shawn Lifer. These machines were able to replicate accurate sizes and the threading necessary to make the screws functional on a large scale. GaryM August 3, 2001, 4:10pm 2. This is a small screwdriver that is used in small appliances, like your coffee maker, and home electronics, such as laptops and game consoles. ∙ 2017-10-31 01:28:43. Simple machine, any of several devices with few or no moving parts that are used to modify motion and force in order to perform work. 1800 B. They needed screws that could take greater torque and could provide tighter fastenings. When the patents were granted in 1933, the rights were assigned "By Direct and Mesne Assignments" to Henry F. In 1886, 10 percent of the nails that were made in the United States were of the soft steel wire variety and by 1892, steel wire nails overtook iron cut nails as the main type of nails that. As a result, they weren’t widely used until machine-produced bottles became commonplace in the 1900s. A hinge is a mechanical bearing that connects two solid objects, typically allowing only a limited angle of rotation between them. The Robertson. A layer of plastic (often PVDC), cork, rubber, or other soft material is used as wad to make. Screws were used in the 15th century to construct screw-cutting lathes, for securing breastplates, backplates, and helmets on medieval jousting armor—and eventually for multiple parts of the emerging firearms,. His Sackett Board would become “drywall. Steamboats sometimes use the prefix designation SS, S. . The Jerwan Aqueduct (c. Coarse threads, smooth shank, tapered head. The handle also heated up, which posed problems for users. Buy Now. By 1940, most American automakers used Phillips screws. He sold the patent to the Phillips Screw Company. Worthington invents the first direct-acting steam pumping engine. A drill point powers through drywall and into metal studs up to 0. L. for pricing and availability. National Inventors Hall of Fame Inductee Henry Phillips invented the Phillips screw, where its significance lies in the self-centering property. The screw thread is believed to have been invented around 400 BCE, by Archytas of Tarentum, a Greek philosopher sometimes called “the father of mechanics. Demonstration inclined plane used in education, Museo Galileo, Florence. This screwdriver may be marked as a “mini” Phillips head driver. . Socket set with ratchet (above), four hex sockets and a universal joint. Tapping Screws. Historical Background. These metric 316 stainless steel screws resist corrosion from chemicals and salt water better than 18-8 stainless steel screws. Slotted Head Screw. Some historians suggest that they may have been used in ancient Egypt, while others believe that they were first used in Europe during the 16th century. No other screw type has that ability. Hex Head Screws. According to census data, there were only five Ada Harrises living in Indianapolis in 1890. Screws with these characteristics were produced. This hand-made screw has obvious signs of its origin. Screws with. Flatheads were useful when tools were expensive relative to the cost of labor. When were phillips head screw drivers invented? The phillips head screw was invented in the 1930's and received its patent in 1936. It normally consists of two threaded eye bolts, one screwed into each end of a small metal frame, one with a left-hand thread and the other with a. Green Robertson screwdriver (#1) operates with screw types 5, 6, and 7, with a recess size range of 2. Early 19th century - Until about 1846, screws were made. Originally designed to enable the screws to be made using cold forming of the heads,: 79–81 the taper has two other advantages. A Torx T8 screw head on a hard disk drive. Slotted screws and flathead screwdrivers were all we had from the late 1400s until the early 1900s, when new types of screws and screwdrivers were developed. Flathead screws came about sometime after to take advantage of the success of the drivers. Also known as cross-head screwdrivers, Phillips screwdrivers are one of the most common types. The Wing. There's Phillips and flathead, and—if you're from Canada—the square Robertson screw as well. Used with nuts to create a stronger joint than flat and rounded screws. History. 5 mm. [1] The most common form is a car jack, floor jack or garage jack, which lifts vehicles so that. Phillips, who was born in Lamar, Mississippi in 1890, had become a successful engineer and industrialist prior to inventing the Phillips head screwdriver. A Phillips drive is designed to cam at a certain torque. Most television sets sold in the 2000s were flat-panel, mainly LEDs. It was the world's first national screw thread standard, and is the basis for many other standards, such as BSF, BSP, BSCon, and BSCopper. They were invented by Canadian traveling salesman Peter Robertson around 1906. Historical Background. Metric Phillips Thread-Locking Flat Head Screws. Screws have one of three basic types of head: flathead, roundhead, and panhead (Illus. More Options Available $ 99. Automobile manufacturers now used car assembly lines. 688 BC) is made with stone arches and lined with waterproof concrete. In these times. The first American pencil sharpener was patented by Walter Kittredge Foster of Bangor, Maine in 1855. Wood Screws. In its modern form, the flat-head screwdriver was probably invented in about 1744 in England, where it was known as a "turn. With these developments the un threaded bolt and the concept of threads were in hand, but the nut was yet to come, as was the idea of addingInvented by Henry Phillips, a tool company owner working in the 1930s, the screwdriver and accompanying screws were intended to provide a safer alternative to the traditional flathead. It is a type of anchor that, for example, allows screws to be fitted into. The first industrial process for making screws was developed in England in the 1760s but it was Cullen Whipple of Providence, RI, who invented the automated method of cutting screws in 1842. Rectangular holes may indicate that the piece was built from 1800 to the 1880s. Left to right: First form "1880 Wire Terminal Base" socket and bulb as used on the S. Hereof,who invented flat head screws? Henry The first patent for a flat head screwdriver was issued in 1908 to Henry F. Nut (hardware) An M4 nut threaded onto an Allen key socket head screw. #4) Torx. It was invented in the 15th century in Europe and one of the most common types of screwdrivers. If the hole is square, the furniture was possibly made before 1800. Torx. If the plank needs to be removed 20, 30, 50 years later, a bad grove can. P. This 17 piece kit includes 9 Flatheads/slotted screwdrivers and 7 Phillips screwdrivers plus a 4 in 1 pocket. Archytas is sometimes called the founder of mechanics and was a contemporary of Plato. You can get flat head screws with Philips-drive or slot-drive (or square-drive or star-drive or a dozen other drive configurations). Modelled on the design of existing screw presses, a single Renaissance movable-type printing press could produce up to 3,600 pages per workday, compared to forty by hand-printing and a few by hand-copying. You can learn more about this in our article, The Difference Between Pozidriv Vs. They have a Torx drive that has more points of contact than other drives, allowing you to tighten the screw without damaging. The Origins: Ancient Greece, 400 BC It all started many centuries ago, and it was Archytas that invented the very first screws back in 400 BC. Flat head screws are cheap and a pain in the ass. #17 Self-drilling Screw. It improved the profile and introduced the screw to the market in 1936/37. Let us begin with the screw, a fastener that keeps the roof over our heads and the floor under our feet. The Robertson screw with a square head came out in 1908, the Phillips head screw was invented in 1930, and tiny screws often found in gadgets such as iPhones and laptops were introduced in the 21st century. The cheese head has cylindrical sides with a flat disc top and a flat bearing surface. #11. In its modern form, the screwdriver was probably invented in England in about 1744. Set a marking gauge to the pencil line and gauge a line at each location you need a screw. Roundhead. S. When the joinery. Use the formula below to estimate the screw head and gauge. Pozidriv Screwdriver. Coil spring Also known as a helical spring. The general principle of the screw was applied early on, in cities like Pompeii. S. Shop Now. ”The general principle of the. Also known as Tapcons, these screws are often used to anchor parts to concrete, block, and brick. More corrosion resistant than 18-8 stainless steel screws, these screws have excellent resistance to chemicals and salt water. As the name suggest it has a flat shape shaft tip with a single slot which engages with the slotted screw head only. More screw threads are produced each year than any other machine element. Zinc-plated steel screw nails resist rust. Screwdrivers and wrenches. Pan head slotted screws are a common head type of non-countersunk screw head used in machine screws. Without removing the screwdriver, press down and slowly unscrew the screw. Thompson, who wasn’t able to muster up any commercial interest for his screwhead. Washer head self-drilling screws are popular for their efficiency and ease of use. Multiple Options Available. Allen head screws can be relatively easily cleaned, but the master of this is the shittiest of all screw heads, the flat head. He patented the idea in 1932 but, unfortunately,. This technology was applied to axe making by 1765 to make the cutting edge section of the head. A lug nut is a nut fastener with one rounded or conical (tapered) end, used on steel and most aluminum wheels. Button Head - Rounded head most often used in socket driven screws. Flat 100 Undercut Head - Used instead of flat 100 for some short screws. If the screw is stuck it doesn't matter how well it fits, it'll still slip. The Phillips screw and driver were invented by John P Thompson from Portland. It is considered by some that the screw thread was invented in about 400BC by Archytas of Tarentum (428 BC - 350 BC). The tamper-resistant hex drive (also known as a pin-in hex drive) makes them difficult to remove without special tools. Interestingly enough, Phillips was not the first to improve on the old slotted screw. 29 to 2. Metal screws and bolts first appeared in Europe in the 1400s but did not become common fasteners until the 18th century, when machine tools were developed to make them. Drive style—or drive recess as it is called—refers to the kind of tool you use to install (or remove) the screw. He patented two different versions of a recessed cruciform screw in 1932 and 1933, respectively, that were developed by Phillips. Thompson who, in 1932, patented (#1,908,080) a recessed cruciform screw and in 1933, a screwdriver for it. Two objects connected by an ideal hinge rotate relative to each other about a fixed axis of rotation, with all other translations or rotations prevented; thus a hinge has one degree of freedom. Columbia - first commercial installation of Edison electric lighting system; Second form "1880 Wire Terminal Base" socket and. He sold the patent to the Phillips Screw Company. For about 300 years, the persistent presence of. In 1770, English instrument maker, Jesse Ramsden (1735-1800) invented the first satisfactory screw-cutting lathe. 6,913 products. The auto industry ate this up making them dominant in the early 1900s. The first patent for a worm-drive hose clamp was granted to Swedish inventor Knut Edwin Bergström [ se] in 1896 [1] Bergström founded “Allmänna Brandredskapsaffären E. Robertson (1879-1951) invented the first and biggest game-changer in 1908, the square-drive screw. An undercut flat head screw has 100% contact with the countersunk hole, and will sit slightly more flush than a standard flat head screw. When the patents were granted in 1933, the rights. Yes, screws have been a long time in the making, and in this guide, we’ll talk about the history of the screw in great detail. Flat head screws are angled under the head to fit flush within countersunk holes. The imperial diameter (in 16 th of an inch) of the screw head is usually twice the gauge (imperial). One such patent of 1902-03 was the Giles jar and cap. Thompson patented a screw with a cross recess in 1933. businessman Henry Phillips. A cheese head screw is one with a cylindrical head. It was invented in the 15th century in Europe and one of the most common types of screwdrivers. Information on Screw Threads. On 26 February 1903 he filed two patent applications featuring 2-pin plugs and adaptors for using his plugs with existing designs of lamp sockets and wall receptacles. In stock and ready to ship. The bugle head screw is a modern variation of the basic flathead screw. Also known as trim-head deck screws, they have a small flat head and slender shank to. Domed: The flat inner part helps this dome-shaped head sit flush on the surface. Hexagonal head screws are commonly used to assemble furniture and secure home hardware such as towel bars and faucet handles. Drilling Screw Assortments for Metal. We were on a job recently, installing. The labor involved in traditional plasterwork is considerable. These anchors are also known as drive rivets. Canadian P. Head: the head is the top of the screw that includes the drive. It dates back thousands of years, to ancient Greece, when it's claimed Archytas of Tarentum invented an early version of the device. Phillips, who developed and patented his Phillips-head screwdriver in 1933. A Robertson screw, also known as a square screw [1] or Scrulox, [2] is a type of screw with a square -shaped socket in the screw head and a corresponding square protrusion on the tool. Lag screws usually start at 1/4 inch in diameter and usually need a pilot hole to start them off because they. Like flatirons, sad irons were heated on the stovetop, but they sometimes heated unevenly. Robertson!. Screws may be mildly magnetic. , screw machines and chuckers), were one of the most important classes of machine tools for mass production. These wood. The device consisted of three upright metal bars, between which the thumbs were placed. Torx screws were invented in 1967, by Camcar Textron, as an improvement on contemporary drive types. In stock and ready to ship. Illustration from the 1909 Canadian patent for the Robertson screw. [1] [2] [3] The inclined plane is one of the six. Metric Stainless Steel Tamper-ResistantButton Head Hex Drive Screws. Can confirm. Robertson’s screws were superior to slot head screws since the square recess automatically centered the screwdriver, provided more surface area for the driver to press. Gypsum Corp co-workers invented or perfected the drywall screw in 1950. Drive screws, possibly another name for drive rivets, are commonly used to hold nameplates into blind holes. It’s unknown when exactly nails were invented. One of the first applications of the screw principle was in presses for the extraction. British Association (BA) screw threads, named after the British Association for Advancement of Science, were devised in 1884 and standardised in 1903. [1] [2] A set screw is normally used without a nut (which distinguishes it from a bolt. In the 1800s, screw manufacturing began in England during the Industrial Revolution. Spanner Screw Heads. S. Screw clamps are normally used for hoses 1/2 inch diameter and up, with other clamps used for smaller hoses. 18 (185) Model# FMHLGM006-50. The exact origin of flat head screws is not known, but it is believed that they have been in use for several centuries. With that said, archeologists have found nails in Egypt dating back to around 3,400 B. John Landis Mason actually revolutionized food preservation technology with his eponymous and now hipster-beloved jar, patented in 1858; the threaded screw-top made a much safer bacterial barrier. the filister screw was actually invented in 1897 by Sir George Filister who was knighted for his valuable contribution to the already overcrowded alternative fastener department at the Whitworth company. Other Ways to Remove Deck Screws. You may be surprised to find out that screws have been around for quite a long time — since about 400 BC when Archytas of Tarentum invented them. Movable type and paper were invented in China, and printing with movable type was undertaken. 6 kg), and hard to move. When did the flat head screw come out? The screwdriver is a tool that has been around for centuries, with the first historical mention dating back to the 1500s. Common screw heads include Philips, flathead, star, and hex. Patent 1908080) with an innovative “cruciform groove” and a matching “Screw. It ranges in size from a quarter of an inch to twelve feet in diameter and is still being used today. These square-drive screws have a drill point that powers through drywall and into metal studs up to 0. The extra-wide truss head distributes holding pressure to reduce the likelihood of crushing thin material. A: A flathead screwdriver typically has a single blade that is used for tightening or loosening straight linear intrusion across the head. Dome heads are a popular screw head type used to enhance various projects with an appealing aesthetic. P. So if you find a furniture item using screws that have completely rounded shafts, pointed ends, and perfectly finished heads with matching cuts (much like a screw you would purchase today), the piece likely dates to the mid-19th century or later. Finally, one or two finish coats of plaster were spread over top to smooth out any imperfections. Like many inventions, the sailboat probably originated in ancient Egypt. These screws were invented in the 1930s by Henry F. As the name suggest it has a flat shape shaft tip with a single slot which engages with the slotted screw head only. Binding Head Screw: ( Types of Screw Heads ) They are a unique screw which are used for various of projects. S. It helped speed production, and was rapidly adopted by other Detroit automakers. Nonetheless, since these early screws were made by hand, threads were rarely precise and varied according to the preference of the craftsman. The half of the screw that remains visible when screwed into the surface is rounded and domed. Although early accounts referred to all Salish-speaking tribes as “Flathead,” the. Invented by fellow Canadian Peter L. Flat-head screw, a screw with a flat top, designed to be installed in a countersunk hole; Flathead engine, a valve configuration; Places. The Model T car. The Phillips screw was developed to be more resistant to cam out, the propensity of a screwdriver to slip out of the slot and damage the head of the. Around 4000 BC, Egyptians assembled a simple rigging system and suspended a piece of cloth in the air to pull basic log boats along rivers. Inclined plane. Phillips. A barrel hinge. Nylok is a value-added solutions provider of resin, adhesive and lubricant coatings for threaded fastener applications. Country furniture made with these screws can easily be dated to the 10-year period 1846 to 1856. Lookout, transport steamer on the Tennessee River, c. Thompson The Phillips screw and driver, originally invented by Portlander John P. 2. Screws were described as "2BA", "4BA" etc. These were made of wood with a flat rather than a pointed end, and a container to hold the material being pressed. This screw has a flat surface and wide head area with the sides curved, and the top is flat and slightly domed. Good for use outdoors and in washdown environments, these metric 18-8 stainless steel screws are more corrosion resistant than steel and nearly as strong. Bergström & Co. They were probably invented in the late 15th century, either in Germany or. Thompson, dramatically increased the speed of manufacturing and made the Phillips screwdriver a necessity in every toolbox. Becoming more common with Torx / Six-lobe drives as well. The Romans invented the first screws for going into wood. Christopher Spencer invented the first fully automated turret lathe in 1873, which led to designs using cam action or hydraulic mechanisms. Square nuts can have standard, fine or coarse threading with platings of zinc yellow, plain, zinc clear, tin and cadmium, among others. Flat Head (or Slotted Head) Screwdriver. It basically holds that, by wrapping a plane (flat surface) around an enclosed pole on an incline and rotating that assembly, you can move liquids or loose materials -- "suspended solids" -- upward, against the force of gravity.